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Factors that increase your risk of developing symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) include:- Being overweight.
- Being pregnant.
- Smoking.
- Drinking alcohol.
- Eating certain foods, such as chocolate or coffee, that may relax the valve between the stomach and esophagus.
- Taking certain medications, such as bisphosphonates used to treat osteoporosis.
- Getting older.
- Having a hiatal hernia.
- Having a condition called scleroderma, a rare disease in which a person's immune system begins to destroy normal, healthy tissues (autoimmune disease).
If you have too little saliva, heartburn is more likely. Cigarette smoking, certain diseases, or medications can reduce the amount of saliva your body produces. If you have a problem with the lining of your esophagus that makes the lining more sensitive to stomach acid, your heartburn may be more severe.